The Deadly Happiness of Mrs,. Mallard Free Essays

Methods of Analysis Character Analysis on Story Of An Hour The Story of an Hour is short story in which numerous things occurred during that hour. With in an hour the primary character Mrs. Mallard experience feelings that she never felt in her life. We will compose a custom exposition test on The Deadly Happiness of Mrs,. Mallard or then again any comparable theme just for you Request Now During the procedure of the story we start to see a character that is feeble debilitated and summited to society regiment. Right now of the unforeseen, Mrs. Mallard indicated an alternate part of herself. We will in general respond in the diverse forthcoming ways when a surprising occasion occurs. We will in general have a nearby gander at our genuine selves. The Story of An Hour by Kate Chopin mirrors the emotional procedure of Mrs. Mallard’s character through the passing of her better half. It likewise shows that the genuine character can't be shielded until the end of time. Mrs. Mallard character had an unmistakable character. A lady who summited her self to the psychological maltreatment of her significant other and she got wiped out from all the stinging she kept inside (227). She stays calm during her life not permitting anybody to know her most profound musings. She was not allowed to do as she needed. Mrs. Mallard had the longing of connecting with the world outside and to have the option to talk at whatever point she needed to. The detail I am keen on the most is the response of Mrs. Mallard toward the platitude â€Å"Free Body and Soul free! †(228). It is difficult to comprehend her response. I believe that response is the aftereffect of her inside clash wherein she wavers about how to decide her own sentiments. She doesn’t realize how to respond, she should feel sorry about the demise news, yet she feels cheerful about opportunity (228). Toward the start, when I saw her response about the updates on her significant other demise, I started to examine the character. Toward the start of the story, I saw an inhumane character, as I keep perusing; it got cleared to me that Kate Chopin was attempting to communicate something specific through her story. In the start of the nineteenth century, this response was inadmissible in the public arena. Anyway through the cutting edge readers’ eyes; her response is the blast of her actual sentiments which were quelled for quite a while. During the course of events where the story depended on, a spouse must be docile to her significant other and her life was limited to the house. Ladies in those days were not allowed to separate; the main way they would secure freedom was by turning out to be widows. A customary job that way, makes Mrs. Mallard think of her as marriage as a weight and she feels free when she becomes acquainted with about her husband’s passing. That’s the explanation Mrs. Mallard became euphoric when she heard the updates on her spouses passing. I imagine that she felt overpowered with her regular day to day existence of a worker, with complete reliance on Brently his choices and possibly his strength. To me it appears that the character of Mrs. Mallard is an individual who is baffled with the cruel truth of her ordinary living, and that she is likewise subliminally searching for an opportunity to escape from a miserable marriage. She cherished her significant other and genuinely sobbed for him when she knows about his passing, and yet she is glad to get her opportunity again(228). Through Mrs. Mallard response, I can see that she experiences a great deal her wedded life. Mrs. Mallard attempts to utilize her will to beat the sentiment of opportunity and the craving for freedom, yet her will loses, and her actual inclination assumes responsibility for her reasoning. Subsequently, her response is not quite the same as what is normal and anticipated. Her shout of opportunity sway the perusers, in view of the unforeseen response of Mrs. Mallard, by Chopin permitting this articulation in the story it enables the peruser to comprehend within battle of her own life. Mrs. Mallard is a striking character that distinguishes the life of Chopin. It shows her private needs, feeling and desires which she kept inside. Chopin lived in a time where ladies were not heard. By and by, I imagine that the platitude free is the response that communicates the emotions about society harsh approaches to ladies. To Mrs. Mallard it resembles a jail being under the persecution of her better half position. She had lived heavily influenced by her better half, with little character and time of her own. Perhaps to under his forced private will it was mistaking for her capacity to distinguish herself. The articulation in the response enables the peruser to distinguish all the more unequivocally with her requirement for distinction. I additionally can relate to Mrs. Mallard with myself: she is a woman who penances herself for her significant other. Her response shows that notwithstanding a ton of affliction, she is eager to keep up the spouse job the last second. She just sets out to let her actual inclination spill out after she knows about his demise and in a spot away from general visibility, in her room (228). Her adage reveals to me that in her life she has never experienced such a snapshot of incredible euphoria, bliss and fervor like this. Later on in the story, she got an amazing failure when she learns her better half was alive. That carried her to her passing which in another manner she turned out to be liberated from her persecution (228). At the point when I read this story just because, it was by all accounts an account of numerous flighty subtleties. To me, the story is still profoundly refreshing until exacting social inclination and people groups assumptions regarding sexual orientation jobs as a rule and marriage specifically are denied totally. Step by step instructions to refer to The Deadly Happiness of Mrs,. Mallard, Papers

Case Study Toyota

Toyota contextual analysis Task 1 a) Brief outline of the basic significance of key activities the executives to a world class organization. What's more, b) Critical survey of Toyota’s key tasks the board exercises from assembling, item/administration and organization points of view. a) Strategic tasks the executives is vital to any organisation.The very presence of associations in the advanced serious world relies upon mass customization, Lean creation, dexterous assembling, client driven arrangement (Strategic Operations Management, Second version, Steve Brown, Richard Lamming, John Bessant and Peter Jones, etc †rely upon the capacity of the association to really do these things. Here vital choices assume a vital job. As I would see it Strategic activities the executives is an all encompassing methodology, covering the entire association, contacting various parts of business.Further key tasks the executives can be imperatively significant in accomplishing business objec tives, and increasing upper hand. Now, I discover it is worth to characterize the phrasing †‘Strategic Operations management’. As per Slack and Lewis, tasks procedure holds the accompanying definition: â€Å"Operations system is the all out example of choices which shape the drawn out capacities of an activities and their commitment to the general technique, through the compromise of market necessities with tasks resources†( Slack et al 2007, p69).Generally vital tasks the executives exercises are basic to the consumer loyalty and advancement. There are four sorts of focal points for key activities the executives in a given business (Slack et al 2007, p22); 1. Vital tasks the executives can diminish the expense of creating items and administrations, and increment the proficiency. At the point when we examine the instance of Toyota Corporation, it is clear that cost is one of the basic serious elements for the enterprise, along these lines vital activities th e board at Toyota will, help the organization to decrease the expense and increase productivity. . Key activities the executives can expand the income by expanding the consumer loyalty through great quality and administration. As we dissect the Toyota Corporation, we can discover the accentuation on client center and quality, this would build the consumer loyalty and increment the income for the organization. 3. Vital activities the executives lessens the measure of venture required by expanding the limit of the activity, and creative asset deployment.Automobile industry by and large is described by neck †to †neck rivalry, here any decrease in speculation reflects in the expense, and in the long run in the cost to the client. Along these lines, it is certainly going to be significant for Toyota Corporation. 4. Key activities the board gives the premise to future development, by building a strong base of tasks abilities and information inside the business. This is likewise an essential point for Toyota, vital tasks the board would assist the organization with developing long haul abilities, which would assume a key job later on bearing of the company.While investigating the significance of Strategic Operations Management, it is similarly critical to examine the four viewpoints (Slack et al 2007 p, 69) as follows: Operations system may be a top-down or a base up process while thinking about the business and corporate methodologies. Thus, an activities technique may be created in light of market prerequisites (I. e. advertise drove) or be founded on the abilities of its tasks assets. Fig. 1. task 01 . SOURCE: The four points of view on tasks system, OPERATIONS STRATEGY, SLACK AND LEWIS, PEARSON EDUCATION LTD.When investigating the four viewpoints, it would turn out to be certain that the ‘Top †down perspective’ would assist us with understanding the significance of Strategic Operations the executives. Top-down Perpective The top-down p oint of view is the one from where the activities system coming from. It is supporting the corporate system, business methodology and the practical methodologies of an association. Presently let us accept the instance of Toyota as an equivalent word to the proposed world class association, so we will have the option to examine the significance of key activities management.While breaking down the ‘Top †down Perspective’, we would go over with three degrees of key choices in an association; At corporate level At business level At utilitarian level Let us draw nearer to the Toyota Corporation, as we dissect the key choices at corporate level , we discover it is identified with situating the Toyota Corporation in the worldwide, monetary, political and social condition ( Slack et al 2007, p63). It would assist Toyota with making choices on; ? The kinds of business that the association needs to be in ? The business sectors that the association might want to work ?Allocat ion of money between various organizations/SBUs Secondly, the vital choices at Business Level would help the individual specialty units to detail crucial destinations. It would assist the association with formulating the business technique applicable to singular specialty units working under the corporate umbrella. Here, business technique helps the business towards its specific client, potential markets and contenders. For instance when we investigate the Toyota Corporation, we locate the accompanying data; The Company works through three business segments.The Automobile section is occupied with the structure, assembling and offer of vehicle items, including cars, minivans, 2BOX vehicles, sport-utility vehicles and trucks, just as the related parts and frill. The Finance section is associated with the arrangement of budgetary administrations identified with the offer of the Company's items, just as the renting of vehicles and gear. The other fragment is associated with the plan, as sembling and offer of lodgings, just as the data and correspondence business. As of March 31, 2012, the Company had 507 auxiliaries and 212 related organizations (The New York times August 2, 2012).So the vital tasks the board holds key for the individual specialty units in Toyota to stick to the corporate system, and create missions and destinations concerning the individual specialty units. At last, the vital choices at Functional level would support various divisions or capacities at an association to compose themselves to help the business system. For instance, on account of Toyota Corporation, the activities division, showcasing office, item/administration advancement office and others would be coordinated to hold fast to the business objectives.For model, on account of Toyota Corporation, the accentuation would be given to the administration of various offices in the business. Drawing nearer, we can take the case of Lexus section of Toyota, where useful level key choices would help various divisions in Lexus unit to compose themselves to accomplish the business goals. At the point when we break down the significance of key activities the board at Toyota, we can improve the discoveries as follows; When considering the ‘Top †down perspective’: Toyota the executives coordinates or defines the technique as what business to do, it is the viewed as at corporate level.The organization chooses where it needs to be in 10 to 15 years at this stage. For instance Toyota at corporate level stressed the accompanying standards; Toyota Global Vision â€Å"Rewarded with a grin by surpassing your expectations† Toyota will lead the path to the fate of portability, enhancing lives the world over with the most secure and most mindful methods of moving individuals. Through our responsibility to quality, steady development and regard for the planet, we intend to surpass desires and be compensated with a grin. We will meet testing objectives by connecti ng with the ability and enthusiasm of individuals, who accept there is consistently a superior way. http://www. toyotaglobal. com/manageability/csr_initiatives/csr_concepts/strategy. html got to nineteenth September). Here we discover the models for the corporate level choices as follows; The accentuation is on the quality The accentuation on development The accentuation on building abilities (HR) Again, at business level we locate the accompanying realities at Toyota; the proper inquiry at business level is â€Å"How would it be a good idea for us to contend in the picked business or business? † Here Toyota plans the statements of purpose for the organization, and finds the key objectives.Here Toyota accentuates the presentation goals, for example, Quality, constancy, adaptability, cost. At the practical level in Toyota, the accentuation goes to arrangement of the specific capacity to the business goals, for instance the creation at Toyota Corporation; Here, the focal point of Toyota goes to quality, decrease of waste (JIT), ceaseless improvement. Further, Hayes and Wheelwright’s four phases of activities commitment would assist us with understanding how the key tasks the board contributes. Concurring toHayes and Wheelwright there are four phases of activities commitment( Slack et al 2007, p37) as referenced underneath; 1. Interior lack of bias †at this stage the vital activity keeps the organization away from contending adequately, and center given to evading botches. 2. Outer lack of bias †at this stage the key activity stresses on actualizing the prescribed procedures in the market. 3. Inside strong †this stage is portrayed by building activities assets, and by picking up company’s serious or vital goals.From Toyotas’ case, we can find that the company’s activity is endeavoring to assemble long haul abilities. 4. Remotely steady †the emphasis on this stage goes to giving establishment to the long haul com

How Accepting Emotions Can Improve Emotional Health

How Accepting Emotions Can Improve Emotional Health BPD Living With BPD Print How Accepting Emotions Can Improve Emotional Health By Kristalyn Salters-Pedneault, PhD Kristalyn Salters-Pedneault, PhD, is a clinical psychologist and associate professor of psychology at Eastern Connecticut State University. Learn about our editorial policy Kristalyn Salters-Pedneault, PhD Updated on June 22, 2019 Noa/Getty Images More in BPD Living With BPD Diagnosis Treatment Related Conditions Many people with borderline personality disorder (BPD), and other psychiatric disorders that involve intense emotional experiences  have trouble accepting emotions. It’s very hard to deal with emotions that are painful, extreme and sometimes even scary; however, accepting your emotions can actually help improve your emotion regulation and lead to fewer mood swings and more emotional balance. What Is Emotional Acceptance? Often, when we have an uncomfortable feeling, such as sadness, fear or shame, our first reaction is to reject that feeling. We may tell ourselves that feeling is a bad feeling that we do not want to have. Then we may do something to try to get rid of the feeling, such as trying to push it away or using drugs or alcohol to feel better. Certainly, no one wants to walk around feeling emotional pain all the time, but when we reject our emotions, we may actually make things worse for ourselves. Often emotions arise because they give us helpful information about the world, so sometimes getting rid of or pushing away emotions is not the best idea. An alternative to pushing away or stifling your emotions is learning to accept your emotional experiences. Accepting means that you practice allowing your emotions to be what they are without judging them or trying to change them. Acceptance means letting go of attempts to control your emotions and learning that emotions themselves cannot harm you, although the things you do to try to get rid of emotions, such as abusing alcohol, can harm you. Accepting Emotions Is Not Resigning Yourself to Pain It is important to make the distinction between acceptance and resignation. Accepting emotions does not mean that you resign yourself to always feeling terrible or wallowing in pain. It also doesnt mean that you hold on to painful emotions or try to push yourself to experience emotional pain. Acceptance simply means being aware of your emotions and accepting them for what they are right now, knowing that they wont last. As a metaphor for acceptance, imagine that you are a soldier who has fought a long battle with your emotions. Acceptance is the act of putting down your weapons and walking away from the fight. You are not resigning yourself to be beaten up by your emotions; you are simply letting go of the struggle. In some ways, accepting emotions means also accepting that emotions will change. When we are happy, we have to accept that it is a short-term condition; we will not always be happy. This goes for every type of emotion, from fear to anxiety to sadness. Feelings are fleeting and usually go away within seconds, minutes or hours. Why Do People With BPD Have Trouble Accepting Emotions? There are a few reasons why people with BPD, in particular, have trouble accepting emotions, although it is important to note that everyone has trouble accepting emotions sometimes. First, people with BPD are often raised in emotionally invalidating environments. These are environments where feelings are not accepted. Sometimes people with BPD were punished for expressing feelings, or sometimes they were told that they were weak for having feelings. This can lead a person with BPD to have trouble accepting their own emotions in adult life. Second, people with BPD experience very intense emotions and this intensity make it harder to accept them. People with BPD will often describe feeling that they are afraid their emotions will “overwhelm” or “destroy” them. As a result, many people with BPD feel very afraid of their emotions and are convinced that they cannot tolerate their feelings. Why Accepting Emotions Is Helpful Why is accepting your emotions helpful? What is the point of trying to accept your emotions, and wouldn’t it be easier to just get rid of them? Well, no, it isn’t easy to get rid of emotions. In fact, most people with BPD have tried to get rid of their emotions with little success. What they have learned, and what research supports, is that it is very difficult, if not impossible, for us to just get rid of an emotion. We have emotions for a reason, so you shouldnt want to get rid of them completely. Emotions are part of a complex system that helps us decide what we should stay away from and what we should approach. Emotions also help us keep lasting relationships with other people. Without emotions, we would make terrible decisions all the time. Therefore, accepting emotions is helpful, because when we listen to our emotions, we can actually learn important information. How to Practice Accepting Emotions It is not easy to learn how to accept emotions  because they often do not feel very good and we have instincts that may tell us to avoid them. With persistent practice, though, you can learn how to be more accepting of your emotions. Mindfulness meditation, or the practice of being aware of both your internal and external experiences, can be tremendously useful as you are learning how to accept your emotions. You can try a sitting meditation and mindful breathing exercises.

How Accepting Emotions Can Improve Emotional Health

How Accepting Emotions Can Improve Emotional Health BPD Living With BPD Print How Accepting Emotions Can Improve Emotional Health By Kristalyn Salters-Pedneault, PhD Kristalyn Salters-Pedneault, PhD, is a clinical psychologist and associate professor of psychology at Eastern Connecticut State University. Learn about our editorial policy Kristalyn Salters-Pedneault, PhD Updated on June 22, 2019 Noa/Getty Images More in BPD Living With BPD Diagnosis Treatment Related Conditions Many people with borderline personality disorder (BPD), and other psychiatric disorders that involve intense emotional experiences  have trouble accepting emotions. It’s very hard to deal with emotions that are painful, extreme and sometimes even scary; however, accepting your emotions can actually help improve your emotion regulation and lead to fewer mood swings and more emotional balance. What Is Emotional Acceptance? Often, when we have an uncomfortable feeling, such as sadness, fear or shame, our first reaction is to reject that feeling. We may tell ourselves that feeling is a bad feeling that we do not want to have. Then we may do something to try to get rid of the feeling, such as trying to push it away or using drugs or alcohol to feel better. Certainly, no one wants to walk around feeling emotional pain all the time, but when we reject our emotions, we may actually make things worse for ourselves. Often emotions arise because they give us helpful information about the world, so sometimes getting rid of or pushing away emotions is not the best idea. An alternative to pushing away or stifling your emotions is learning to accept your emotional experiences. Accepting means that you practice allowing your emotions to be what they are without judging them or trying to change them. Acceptance means letting go of attempts to control your emotions and learning that emotions themselves cannot harm you, although the things you do to try to get rid of emotions, such as abusing alcohol, can harm you. Accepting Emotions Is Not Resigning Yourself to Pain It is important to make the distinction between acceptance and resignation. Accepting emotions does not mean that you resign yourself to always feeling terrible or wallowing in pain. It also doesnt mean that you hold on to painful emotions or try to push yourself to experience emotional pain. Acceptance simply means being aware of your emotions and accepting them for what they are right now, knowing that they wont last. As a metaphor for acceptance, imagine that you are a soldier who has fought a long battle with your emotions. Acceptance is the act of putting down your weapons and walking away from the fight. You are not resigning yourself to be beaten up by your emotions; you are simply letting go of the struggle. In some ways, accepting emotions means also accepting that emotions will change. When we are happy, we have to accept that it is a short-term condition; we will not always be happy. This goes for every type of emotion, from fear to anxiety to sadness. Feelings are fleeting and usually go away within seconds, minutes or hours. Why Do People With BPD Have Trouble Accepting Emotions? There are a few reasons why people with BPD, in particular, have trouble accepting emotions, although it is important to note that everyone has trouble accepting emotions sometimes. First, people with BPD are often raised in emotionally invalidating environments. These are environments where feelings are not accepted. Sometimes people with BPD were punished for expressing feelings, or sometimes they were told that they were weak for having feelings. This can lead a person with BPD to have trouble accepting their own emotions in adult life. Second, people with BPD experience very intense emotions and this intensity make it harder to accept them. People with BPD will often describe feeling that they are afraid their emotions will “overwhelm” or “destroy” them. As a result, many people with BPD feel very afraid of their emotions and are convinced that they cannot tolerate their feelings. Why Accepting Emotions Is Helpful Why is accepting your emotions helpful? What is the point of trying to accept your emotions, and wouldn’t it be easier to just get rid of them? Well, no, it isn’t easy to get rid of emotions. In fact, most people with BPD have tried to get rid of their emotions with little success. What they have learned, and what research supports, is that it is very difficult, if not impossible, for us to just get rid of an emotion. We have emotions for a reason, so you shouldnt want to get rid of them completely. Emotions are part of a complex system that helps us decide what we should stay away from and what we should approach. Emotions also help us keep lasting relationships with other people. Without emotions, we would make terrible decisions all the time. Therefore, accepting emotions is helpful, because when we listen to our emotions, we can actually learn important information. How to Practice Accepting Emotions It is not easy to learn how to accept emotions  because they often do not feel very good and we have instincts that may tell us to avoid them. With persistent practice, though, you can learn how to be more accepting of your emotions. Mindfulness meditation, or the practice of being aware of both your internal and external experiences, can be tremendously useful as you are learning how to accept your emotions. You can try a sitting meditation and mindful breathing exercises.

Anton Chekhov - Biography and Profile

Born in 1860, Anton Chekhov grew up in the Russian town of Taganrog. He spent much of his childhood quietly sitting in his fathers fledgling grocery store. He watched the customers and listened to the their gossip, their hopes, and their complaints. Early on, he learned to observe the everyday lives of humans. His ability to listen would become one of his most valuable skills as a storyteller. Chekhovs YouthHis father, Paul Chekhov, grew up in an impoverished family. Antons grandfather was actually a serf in Czarist Russia, but through hard work and thriftiness, he purchased his familys freedom. Young Antons father became a self-employed grocer, but the business never prospered and eventually fell apart. Monetary woes dominated Chekhovs childhood. As a result, financial conflicts are prominent in his plays and fiction. Despite economic hardship, Chekhov was a talented student. In 1879, he left Taganrog to attend medical school in Moscow. At this time, he felt the pressure of being the head of the household. His father was no longer earning a living. Chekhov needed a way to make money without abandoning school. Writing stories provided a solution. He began writing humorous stories for local newspapers and journals. At first the stories paid very little. However, Chekhov was a quick and prolific humorist. By the time he was in his forth year of medical school, he had caught the attention of several editors. By 1883, his stories were earning him not only money but notoriety. Chekhovs Literary PurposeAs a writer, Chekhov did not subscribe to a particular religion or political affiliation. He wanted to satirize not preach. At the time, artists and scholars debated the purpose of literature. Some felt that literature should offer life instructions. Others felt that art should simply exist to please. For the most part, Chekhov agreed with the latter view. The artist must be, not the judge of his characters and of what they say, but merely a dispassionate observer. -- Anton Chekhov Chekhov the PlaywrightBecause of his fondness for dialogue, Chekhov felt drawn to the theatre. His early plays such as Ivanov and The Wood Demon artistically dissatisfied him. In 1895 he began working on a rather original theatrical project: The Seagull. It was a play that defied many of the traditional elements of common stage productions. It lacked plot and it focused on many interesting yet emotionally static characters. In 1896 The Seagull received a disastrous response on opening night. The audience actually booed during the first act. Fortunately, innovative directors Konstantin Stanislavski and Vladimir Nemirovich-Danechenko believed in Chekhovs work. Their new approach to drama invigorated audiences. The Moscow Art Theatre restaged The Seagull and created a triumphant crowd-pleaser. Soon after, the Moscow Art Theatre, led by Stanislavski and Nemirovich-Danechenko, produced the rest of Chekhovs masterpieces: Uncle Vanya (1899) The Three Sisters (1900) The Cherry Orchard (1904) Chekhovs Love LifeThe Russian storyteller played with themes of romance and marriage, but throughout most of his life he did not take love seriously. He had occasional affairs, but he did not fall in love until he met Olga Knipper, an up-and-coming Russian actress. They were very discreetly married in 1901. Olga not only starred in Chekhovs plays, she also deeply understood them. More than anyone in Chekhovs circle, she interpreted the subtle meanings within the plays. For example, Stanislavski thought The Cherry Orchard was a tragedy of Russian life. Olga instead knew that Chekhov intended it to be a gay comedy, one that almost touched upon farce. Olga and Chekhov were kindred spirits, though they did not spend much time together. Their letters indicate that they were very affectionate to one another. Sadly, their marriage would not last very long, due to Chekhovs failing health. Chekhovs Final DaysAt the age of 24, Chekhov began showing signs of tuberculosis. He tried to ignore this condition; however by his early 30s his health had deterorated beyond denial. When The Cherry Orchard opened in 1904, tuberculosis had ravaged his lungs. His body was visibly weakened. Most of his friends and family knew the end was near. Opening night of The Cherry Orchard became a tribute filled with speeches and heartfelt thanks. It was their was of saying goodbye to Russias greatest playwright. On July 14th, 1904, Chekhov stayed up late working on yet another short story. After going to bed, he suddenly awoke and summoned a doctor. The physician could do nothing for him but offer a glass of champagne. Reportedly, his final words were, Its a long time since I drank champagne. Then, after drinking the beverage, he died Chekhovs LegacyDuring and after his lifetime, Anton Chekhov was adored throughout Russia. Aside from his beloved stories and plays, he is also remembered as a humanitarian and a philanthropist. While living in the country, he often attended to the medical needs of the local peasants. Also, he was renowned for sponsoring local writers and medical students. His literary work has been embraced throughout the world. While many playwrights create intense, life-or-death scenarios, Chekhovs plays offer everyday conversations. Readers cherish his extraordinary insight into the lives of the ordinary. ReferencesMalcolm, Janet, Reading Chekhov, a Critical Journey, Granta Publications, 2004 edition.Miles, Patrick (ed), Chekhov on the British Stage, Cambridge University Press, 1993.

A Struggling Relationship with Power and Jane Eyres Desire to be Free From It - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 5 Words: 1525 Downloads: 9 Date added: 2019/05/18 Category Literature Essay Level High school Tags: Jane Eyre Essay Did you like this example? In Charlotte Brontes, Jane Eyre, the protagonists experiences in alienation result in her ultimate desire for power and her struggle to be free from it. Janes alienation is divided into many sectors but she bases her rebellion on two: her class and her gender. Both things of which were not circumstantial but rather bred, Jane has constant resentment for being a lower class woman. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "A Struggling Relationship with Power and Jane Eyres Desire to be Free From It" essay for you Create order Using this as the fuel to her rebellion, Jane refuses to be stepped on by others and rather attempts to coexist with her authoritative surroundings. I tired of the routine of eight years in one afternoon. I desired liberty; for liberty I gasped; for liberty I uttered a prayer; it seemed scattered on the wind then faintly blowing. I abandoned it and framed a humbler supplication; for change, stimulus: that petition, too, seemed swept off into vague space: Then, I cried, half desperate, grant me at least a new servitude!( Bronte 102) Janes struggling relationship with power incites her greed for freedom yet ultimately causes her to sacrifice this freedom for love. Growing up an orphan, Jane had a miserable childhood which resulted in her constant feelings of insecurity, vulnerability, and hopelessness (Paris 145) She was planted in an environment in which the people around her excluded her and would enforce this punishment severely. Entirely dependent she lives with a constant dread of being abandoned by a hostile aunt who perpetually criticizes her from family life, and gives her children license to torment her. (Paris 145) Hostility is just the beginning of her household as Mrs.Reeds actions bleed into cousin John Reeds mentality. John abuses Jane both mentally and physically as he feels the moral duty to make her feel unwanted, unworthy, unable. you are a dependent, mama says; you have no money; your father left you none; you ought to beg, and not to live here with gentlemens children like us. (Bronte 15) The Reed family portrays a common belief during the Victorian era which is that low social classes were to be kept excluded from societ y and those who are poor should be left vulnerable. Not only does her household deprive her of family life, but it also deprives her at a young age from human contact. The moment Jane finally reacted to her cousin in self-defense, he immediately went to extreme measures by sending her to the red room in which Mr. Reed had died. Jane went through spiritual and physical confinement as she was punished and sent to the untouchable area in Gateshead called the red room. Janes time in this room helped her to ponder on what she had done to deserve this; soon she realized no answer was to be found but the saddening response of being born into dependence and a low race, class, and gender unlike the Reeds. Janes oppression led her to become desperate for freedom, wanting to prove to herself and others that she is not afraid. Upon leaving Gateshead, the novel reverses and Jane is able to prove herself fearless and good in the eyes of others. Despite the trauma of this experience, Jane finds th at the consequences of her rebellion are predominantly positive (Paris 147) Soon after, Mrs. Reed sends Jane to the Lowood Institution, a charity school run by Mr. Brocklehurst. Upon entering the school, Jane spots a solitary girl reading. The girl is Helen Burns, an orphan herself, and she helps Jane learn to endure personal injustice rather than fight it. The time the two spent together was essential in Janes growth throughout the novel, as her personality became much more refined and a sense of religion was brought into her life. After becoming a teacher at Lowood and preaching her beliefs, Jane decided to grow furtherly and with the use of her strong education and experience, she became a governess. This position not only raised her social rank, but it also raised her sense of power, bringing her one step closer to the liberty she deeply desired. I climbed the three staircases, raised the trap-door of the attic, and having reached the leads, looked out afar over sequestered field and hill, and along dim sky- line that then I longed for a power of vision which might overpass that limit; which might reach the busy world, towns, regions full of life I had heard of but never seen that then I desired more of practical experience than I possessed; more of intercourse with my kind, of acquaintance with variety of character, than was here within my reach. (Bronte 129) Although Jane is one step closer to her desired life, she does not feel satisfied with the life she is condemned to: due to her gender. The labor component in the novel is crucial to the expression of the effect of gender and class in Janes life. In the Lowood school Bronte carefully portrays Brocklehurst as one who sees femininity as a construct afforded by middle-class luxury and working-class androgyny as a necessary , though clearly distinct, part of the hierarchical social order. (Godfrey 857) Yet as Jane advances to her position as a governess, she appears fully aware of her radical potentiality and instability of her new position as she moves from a working-class worl d into the middle class. (Godfrey 858) Jane struggles at first with gender abnormality as her working-class identity overlaps her lower-class gender neutrality. However, she soon realizes this is to her advantage as her relationship with Rochester remains in an extremely compliant manner. Janes imagination is what has kept her restless in her liminal world. Jane lets her imagination run wild and allows gleaming visions to come into her mindshe has recognized this realm as a place where impossibilities become reality, and she revels in the power that she holds there. Her imagination is the driving force for the creation and continuation of her world (Clark 22) This world is in between all the many social spheres, it is separated from the others, it is purposefully outcasted. Rochester notices Janes creativity and finds a way to dig deep into her liminal world as he looks at her paintings. Since the moment he met her, Rochester knew she was otherworldly; he is fascinated with her morals, obedience, quietness yet is in constant awe over her challenging character and intelligence. Rochester highlights Janes different personality as he tells her not three in a thousand raw school girls governesses would have answered me as you have just done (Bronte 115) Edward Rochester falls in love with Jane and makes it his duty to extract her from her liminal world and rather plant her in his world. This is a hardship for Jane as it is the commencement of letting go of her dreams, of letting go of her so dreamed liberty. Jane spends days on an emotionally and physically taxing journey that demands all of her strength and further entrenches her in her otherworldliness. At this moment she is in a liminal place, caught between her pitiful past and her unknown future. (Clark 24) Jane has given up some sense of her power as she results in letting Rochester in her liminal world. Reader I married him (Bronte 382) Jane tells us as she lets go of the gasp she had been holding in for so long, finally letting the reader momentarily into her world through writing. Throughout the novel, Jane is an enigma, a threat to other characters who only want to destroy her and her ideas. Early in the novel, characters describe Jane almost exclusively with derogatory labels (Peters 59) She does not easily fit into the established roles of either gentry or servants, and so society defaults to separating her in order to transform her into something other than human. Her childhood is drowned in negative labeling from all her living family members such as imp, rat, mad cat (Peters 59) Soon, the marginalization she encounters throughout her life reverses to positive labeling as Rochester and others see her as an angel, fairy, dove, and genii. (Peters 62) Janes character and want for power grows strong through these experiences as she becomes distinct in challenging cultural norms concerning class and gender, the two things which fueled her rebellion. Janes greed for freedom, for liberty, for being set free is sacrificed for the love of Rochester. I will be your neighbor, your nurse, your housekeeper. I find you lonely: I will be your companion to read to you, to walk with you, to sit with you, to wait on you, to be eyes and hands to you. Cease to look so melancholy, my dear master; you shall not be left desolate, so long as I live. (Bronte 502) This action can be seen as a form of ultimate love, yet it can also be seen as Jane being drowned by thoughts of past marginalization and in fear, subverting back into the servant she once was, except now to a long-lost lover. I am strangely glad to get back again to you: and wherever you are is my home my only home. (Bronte 283) Perhaps the purpose Jane most desired for her life was not power or liberty but rather belonging, belonging to someone who belonged to her as well.

Dementi A Chronic Disorder Of Mental Process Caused By...

Gray 1 INTRO Dementia is a chronic disorder of mental process caused by brain disease or injury. There are seven stages of dementia. In stage one, nobody has dementia. Stage two is when the person starts forgetting names and where familiar objects were left. Stage three, is difficulty concentrating and decreased work performance. By stage four, the ones diagnosed start to lose memory of recent events and have troubles of traveling alone to new locations. Stage five sometimes the victims need help with daily activities, like dressing and eating. Even may also forget their address and phone number. In stage six, they may start to forget names of close family members. Also, have problems counting down from ten. The†¦show more content†¦These medications were developed to treat Alzheimer s disease, but also may be tried in other dementia groups. You also want to stay away from specific medications when you have dementia and Alzheimer’s. They can make you have seizures and muscle spasms, they may also increase behavior problems and impairment. There primary care doctor may refer them to a physician who specializes in the diagnosis and treatment of Alzheimer s disease and related dementia. Alzheimer s disease is named after Dr. Alois Alzheimer. In 1906, Dr. Alzheimer noticed changes in the brain tissue of a woman who had died of an unusual mental illness. She had many problems that were signs of Alzheimer’s. As this disease worsens over time, victims of dementia start to get very ill and your brain cells start to fade away. If all their brain cells die and go away, then the victims can get even worse and soon pass on. The ones diagnosed with dementia who have a parent, brother, sister or child with Alzheimer s is more likely to develop the disease. The risk increases if more than one family member has the illness. Some main complications of dementia is the ability to do stuff for yourself, lost the ability to interact with loved ones or anyone else. Gray 3 Alzheimer’s reports that nearly two-thirds of Americans suffering from Alzheimer’s are women. It is important that this does not mean there is a gender-based for the disease, the primary reason forShow MoreRelatedLevel 3 Health and Social Care Unit 365dementia3984 Words   |  16 Pages Understanding the Process and Experience of Dementia. A1 Describe the causes of all the different types of Dementia Alzheimer’s disease: The brain is a very complex organ and it is divided up into different areas that control bodily functions. The brain contains at least 100 billion cells. In dementia some of these cells stop working. The part of the brain this occurs in will affect how that person thinks, remembers and communicates. Alzheimers disease, first described by

Myotome Poem Example For Students

Myotome Poem C1,2 I nod to you -Neck flexion/extension C3 Dont tickle me -Neck lateral flexion C4 Im not sure shoulder elevation C5 Feel alive Shoulder flexion, abduction and lateral rotation C6, 7, 8 Close the gate Shoulder extension, adduction and medial rotation C5,6 Pick up sticks Elbow flexion C7,8 Lay them straight Elbow extension C5, 6 Flick my wrists Forearm supination C7,8 The time is late -forearm pronation C6, 7 Fly up to heaven Wrist flexion and extension C7 Paper finger extension C8 Rock Finger flexion T1 Scissors Finger abduction and adduction L2, 3 Lift my knee Hip flexion L3,4 Kick the door knee extension (and knee jerk reflex) L4,5 Foot points to the sky ankle dorsiflexion L4, 5 Extend my thigh Hip extension L5, S1, (S2) Kick my bum, (run to poo) knee flexion S1,2 Stand on my shoes Ankle plantarflexion (and ankle jerk) (Babinski in L5,S1,S2) L2,3,4 Modestly close the door Hip adduction internal rotation L4- S2 The opposite is true Hip abduction and external/lateral rotation C3,4,5 Keeps diaphragm alive Innervates diaphragm S2,3,4 Keeps shit off the floor innervates bowel, bladder, sex organs, anal sphincter, melvic muscles (anal wink reflex)

8 Basic Resume Rules for College Students

8 Basic Resume Rules for College Students Back in the day, you could put on your nicest outfit, walk down to a local office, shake hands with the CEO and land a job based on just your charisma and charm. Now, as organizations outsource their hiring to HR representatives and recruiters, your resume is the first (and last) impression that you ever get. No matter your skills or experience, a poorly framed resume can keep you from a career you deserve. For this reason, it can be a good idea to apply to a professional writing service for help. But first, you should get acquainted with the best tips for getting past the invisible barriers that keep out unwanted applicants and launch you into the hiring pool. Plain and Simple A hiring manager or HR doesn’t have time to deal with weird fonts, colored paper, or overly-fancy explanations. They want a resume that is simple to read and will take them little time to evaluate. And, some employers will automatically bump any resume that uses language or visual characteristics that they don’t deem professional. For example, using slang or writing your resume completely in Comic Sans font is a great way to get your resume chucked before anyone even has a chance to read it. Consistent Organization It’s important to set up your resume so that each section uses the same organizational structure to make it easy to read. For example, if you start by listing the years you worked at a particular location followed by the job duties you performed, you would want to keep that structure for your extracurricular activities, education, etc. To better understand the structure of a resume, you might need to read our step-by-step guide for writing a resume. Avoid the Objective – Stick to a Summary Some resume classes explain that having a resume objective at the top is a good idea – so that people know what you’re looking for. The problem is, no one cares. Instead of writing an objective for yourself, use the top section of your resume to write a summary – a couple of lines about why someone should hire you instead of another person. In addition, avoid using the pronoun â€Å"I† in your resume. Instead, use active verbs to express what you can do. Objective: I am seeking employment at a fast food restaurant to support my final year of college. Summary: Outgoing people person who loves to improve the customer buying experience. Dealing with Blank Experience Section If you are getting ready to look for your first job, you might be concerned with the lack of experience that you have. Don’t worry. Instead, use your creative writing skills to summarize some of the experience and skills that you bring to a potential employer. Often, you can find these skills in the ad you’re responding to, with frequently used words like, â€Å"organized,† â€Å"dependable,† â€Å"customer-oriented,† etc. In addition, avoid using work experience that doesn’t relate to the job you’re applying for. Example: Organizational Skills Able to quickly identify and organize an area so that workflow is more efficient. Participated in setting up and managing schedules for 5-10 people. Visual Space Remember: no one wants to read a huge block of text. Break down your resume into sections and bulleted subsections. That will make it easier for the HR representative to read and makes you look much more organized than the competition. Work Only Sometimes new applicants forget that their entire goal is to get a job, not get more Twitter followers. It’s important that everything on your resume directly relates to the position you’re applying for. That means don’t put links to your blog page or mention your skill of being able to touch your tongue to your nose. Unless you’re applying for a job as a circus nose-licker, it’s not likely to be considered very professional. Use Buzz Words Depending on your dream job’s requirements, there may be buzzwords that are necessary to get you past the computer filters that are keeping out the wrong applicants. Consider the job you are applying for and the ideal candidate for the job. If there are attributes or concepts that have been emphasized, find a way to include those words in your resume. Ad text: The perfect applicant for this job will be attentive to detail, organized, and able to meet a deadline. Resume text: Quick-thinking accountant who loves deadlines and detail. My desk is exactly like my calculations – organized and clean. Read it Out Once your resume is finished, you need to get it proofread by someone other than spellcheck. Share it with a friend, family member, or professional proofreader. They will be much more likely to catch mistakes and suggest areas that are in need of improvement. If you dont have any idea on how to write a resume with no job experience, check our guide for students now!

Life of a Roman Soldier essays

Life of a Roman Soldier essays - Initial training no boot camp in those days - Soldiers oath (page 6 Legionary book) - No weekends off but had all religious holidays off - Temple of Mithras, he was most of the soldiers god, You had to pass 7 tests of skill to become of full - Drained marshes to build new forts on - Quarry, stones for buildings etc. - Polished iron armor and weaponry - Only a select few got out of bad jobs and they were clerks, - Was the boss of all the soldiers who worked - was a badge of honor also used as a whip for - petty such as being late would be to make the soldier look like a fool and make them stand outside w/o weapons or armor to show he is not worthy to be a - serious crime such as sleeping on guard or deserting resulted in flogging, rank lowered. At the time of war the - If a unit disgraced itself in battle it might be "decimated" - 1 in 10 selected to be clubbed or stoned to death by - Decimation was stopped after Emperor Trajan - Was not unusual to keep wife and children in nearby homes - Deductions were taken out for worn out gear, bedding food, - Often got a bonus in pay to celebrate an important event I wanted to join the Roman Army ever since I was a young boy playing in the fields of my home in (NAME A TOWN OR CITY RELATED TO ROME HERE). My father was a legionaire in the Roman Army for 25 years. It was my goal in life to follow ...

Ethnography Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Ethnography - Essay Example An understanding of the Kabre is necessary because it enlightens and opens up new and different perspectives that will aid in the determination of what shaped their culture. The villages of modern Kabre in West Africa appear to be very remote. They are based in northern Togo and possess all of the classic notions an individual has about a remote village of African culture. Remote in the sense they exist on subsistence farming have straw roofs on their houses and perform rituals to the spirits. They appear to be very simple people living very simple lives. Piot's argument is that this village life is in fact and effect of the modern and the global. Piot's tenets require further contemplation and support and that will be the basis for this discussion. In his ethnography, Piot proposes, "Kabre culture is shaped as much by colonial and postcolonial history as by anything "indigenous" or local." (1999) He supports his premise by analyzing the daily practices of the Kabre villagers. These daily practices encompassed both their social; and ceremonial activities. He used this analysis to compare modernity with traditional activities of the Kabre villagers. In his observations and analysis, Piot shows how the Kabre villagers have blended tradition with moderninity. ... To iterate his point Piot gives the example using the president of Togo's Kabre. The president regularly uses a helicopter to fly to this region to witness male initiation ceremonies. This is clearly an example of a traditional ceremony of male ritual and the president's use of a helicopter for transportation is clearly an indication of moderninity. Piot's example describes the appropriation of tradition at the state level and describes many other examples similar to this to add credence to his premise. Piot profoundly illustrates how Kabre is a culture shaped by both a modern world and one of tradition. His tenets at some points confuse anthropological theorizations and the State Department's stereotyped images of African village life, However by doing this he reiterates what he postulates about the Kabre because they are a perplexing combination of all of these. Piot's objective was to show how "Euroamerican theories that fail to come to terms with the fluidity of everyday relations in a society where persons and things are forever in motion." (The University of Chicago Press 2004) Tradition and Modernity: It could be argued that Piot's observations occur in every culture across the globe. An example of this would be the Roman Catholic Religion. The religion dates back for centuries and the ceremonies practiced by the Roman Catholics are very true to tradition. This same premise could include Orthodox Jews and a plethora of other religions and the ceremonies performed by the worshippers. However, although moderninity is very a part of a Roman Catholic's life they are not viewed as rural or indigenous people that simply adhere to tradition when they practice their religion. Whereas Piot's observation saw these people as a more complex

The Circle Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

The Circle - Essay Example The images and sounds are equally pitiful and terrifying for the viewer. In quick summary, the movie begins with a miraculous event- the birth of a child. Unfortunately, the joy never follows because the child is a girl, even though the doctors told the family it would be a boy. Then the viewers meet Arezou and Nargess who have escaped from prison. They try to find their way to what they hope might be a country paradise. Another woman, Pari, is pregnant, but since her husband has been executed, she cannot get approval for an abortion. She is trying desperately to get one anyway. Yet another woman is trying to abandon her young daughter with the hopes that another family will take pity on her and give her a happy home. A prostitute, a luckily remarried woman, and a woman whose husband remarried while she was in prison round out the cast. It should be noted that the cast was not one of Hollywood starts, but of real Middle Eastern women. This lends a feel of authenticity and reality to the film. All of the women in director Jafar Panahi's film suffer from two things: their gender and their marital status. Single females in Iran are open to torturous and demeaning treatment every day. Their dress, travel, work, and hobbies are all subject to male approval. Their struggles are incomprehensible to women in the western world who alternate between voicing dismay at their plight and conveniently avoiding it. For these reasons. Panahi's film stings so deeply into the cores of viewers everywhere, especially women. Western society cannot understand, let alone justify, these treatments of women. Fortunately, two Middle Eastern women can provide explanations about the substance of this film as it relates to life for women in Tehran and the Middle East as a whole. Suad Joseph is currently a Professor of Anthropology of Women and Gender Studies and the Director of Middle East/South Asia Studies at the University of California at Davis. She is a native of Lebanon and has spent years researching women, family and children in her native land. Her research focuses on their concepts of self, citizenship and rights. She has written several books on the subject including Gender and Citizenship in the Middle East and Intimate Selving in Arab Families. She is the founder of the Association for Middle East Women Studies and of four American universities in the Middle East. Shemeem Burney Abbas is a native of Saudi Arabia. She has taught at colleges in both Islamabad and in Texas. She spent the years from 1987 to 1992 at the University of Austin in Texas and then at the Allama Iqbal Open University in Islamabad from 1992-1999 and then again from 2002-2003. She has given lecture of her article "The Female Voices in Sufi Ritual: An Ethnography of Speaking at the University of Texas, the University of North Carolina, Duke University, Columbia University, and the University of Pennsylvania in the United States. She currently holds a Ph.D. in English Language. According to Joseph, in Gender Citizenship in the Middle East, an examination of the legal documents related to citizenship has revealed that citizenship is extremely gendered in all arenas, particularly the political, economic and cultural. Joseph argues that the struggle for women to gain a sense of self and identity through citizenship has been compromised by the nations' struggles for identity themselves. The nations of the Middle East, on

Strategies for Breaking Wireless Protocols

Strategies for Breaking Wireless Protocols CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background Starting of wireless Network is a result of a research Project carried out by University of Hawaii. Initially its called as Aloha net, but later it used to call as Wireless Local Area Network or WLAN. At the beginning of aloha net, is capable of transferring 1 to 2 mbps data. But over the last few years aloha net changed to WLAN and it came with so many enhancements to the initial technology. Newer days, wireless networks become more popular than the wired networks. The main reason for this is, wireless networks are high in portability and the flexibility, increased productivity, and lower installation cost. Wireless Network Devices let Users to move their laptops from one place to another without warring about their network connectivity. Minimizing the wiring gives the maximum flexibility over the network and it reduces the wiring cost for the whole network infrastructure. However, when we comparing the security factor, wireless networks are more vulnerable to attack by outsider than the wired network. Main reason for this is, anyone can see and make the initial connection through the wireless network. But establishing the initial connection in a wired network is bit difficult than the wireless network. Loss of confidentiality like password cracking and man in the middle attacks are typically associated with wireless networks. Some other way, this kind of attack can easily practise in wireless Networks rather than the wired network. Even though a wireless network has this kind of problems, its not a failed concept. The main reason for that is we can protect a wireless network in maximum and make invincible from unauthorised users or attackers. Configuring the wireless devices correctly and accurately can minimize the attacks. We are going to discuss about this topic in future. 1.2 Objectives Breaking wireless protocols is the main objective in this project. Mostly the WEP, WPA and WPA2 will be my major preference. So the goal of this research is break the wireless protocol and get data from the wireless devices and the network. 1.2.1 Comparison of Hacking Tools Available. There are lots of tools that can use to hack a wireless protocol. Some of the tools are very user friendly. We can install it on our Windows Based Systems and it does our work very easily. Those tools are 100% Graphical User Interface and very easy to use. AirCrack-ng Windows version is the common example. But Some Other tools are available; we need to have some technical knowledge to use those tools. Mainly those tools run on command base mode and running platform is Linux. These tools do not provide any graphical user Interface, and bit difficult to learn without any proper guidance. But the final result is very accurate than the windows version. The major difference between these two types of tools are the software which runs on linux is more accurate than the Windows version. So I have decided to use Linux version hacking software to carry out my testing. But to hack a wireless network we need few of software to download from the internet. And then we can install those on a Linux machine and we can start the research. But, I think its very easy to use a one operating System rather than struggling with lots of softwares. So I decided to download latest version of worlds famous Hacking Operating System â€Å"Back Track†. It has built in hacking tools that need to hack a wireless network. 1.2.2 Downloading related software. Back Track is free to download, and its open source. Anyone can download Back Track from its developers web site www.backtrack-linux.org for free. So I have downloaded the latest version of Back Track v4 to carry out my research. We will discuss about BackTrack in further chapters. 1.2.3 Cracking WEP Using AirCrack-ng In order to crack a WEP Password, I have chosen few amazing tool. That is BackTrack 4 Hacking Operating System. It has all the hacking tools to crack a WEP Network. Airodump-ng can use to get the information about the wireless network and then I can use the Aircrack-ng to crack the password. 1.2.4 Cracking WPA Using AirCrack-ng We Can Use the same Process to Crack the WPA using AirCrack-ng. Same as in WEP I am going to use the Airodump-ng and Airoreply-ng to collect all the informations about the wireless Network and AirCrack-ng to decrypt the Password. 1.2.5 Cracking WPA2 Using Cowpatty In here, I am going to use a special cracking Software to crack WPA2. The software is Cowpatty. Cowpatty bit different than Aircrack-ng. And cowpatty specially designed to crack WPA and WPA2 Passwords. All these tools are built-in tools which we can find in the BackTrack4 Linux based operating system. So I dont need to download these softwares from the internet. 1.3 Dissertation Structure This Documentation mainly divided in to 4 Main Chapters. Including entire Practical and theoretical concepts. Chapter 1: Introduction In this section, I am going to give a introduction about what is wireless Network, Start of the Wireless Network and Basic Problems that wireless Networks faced. In the Second Section explain about the whole Research objectives and aims. Chapter 02: Literature Review This Chapter Consist all the theoretical informations relating to my research. In here I am discussing about wireless Networks and its Types, Wireless Network Devices, Security Methods that WLAN Uses, WLAN Security Protocols, Deep discussion about WEP, WPA and WPA2, Protocol Hacking tools like Air Crack-ng, Cowpatty, and Hacking Methods that use by the Hacking tools. Eg: Dictionary Attacks, Brute Force Attacks etc. Chapter 03: Methodology In here, I am going to show my Practical Work that I have done all over my research. Installing the Hacking OS, Use of Hacking tools, Problems Faced all over the project and the final results will be my main concerns. Chapter 04: Result and Discussions In this section I am comparing all the results I have gain all over my project. Chapter 05: Conclusions This Chapter will be my conclusions of the Research. In here i am planning to compare my final result and the objectives in my initial project proposal. CHAPTER 02 Literature Survey 2.1 Wireless Networks Wireless Networks enables to communicate devices without any physical media. These Networks are divided to three main categories according to their communication level. Those are, Wireless Local Area Network, Wireless Wide Area Network, Wireless Personnel Area Network. Wireless Wide Area Network has larger coverage than the WLAN and WPAN. WWAN uses 2G or 3G Cell Phone Networks to connect each and every device in the network. WLAN represents local area network that connected using wireless access point or a wireless router includes 802.11. WPAN is a small network topology. This includes Bluetooth and Infrared technologies. 2.1.1 Wireless Local Area Networks As I Mentioned earlier, Wireless LANs has more portability and flexibility over traditional Wires Local Area Networks. In WLAN, All the Computers and other devices connect to each other using Wireless Access Points also called as APs. And Access points communicated with the Wireless Network Adaptors that fixed in to computers. Access Points normally has coverage are up to 75-100 meters. In that area users can move their laptops and other wireless devices while maintaining their network connections. We can connect access points together and expand the wireless LANs coverage. In my thesis, I am going to discuss more about wireless LAN in further chapters. 2.1.2 Wireless Wide Area Networks This is the most familiar wireless Network type for everyone. This networks are Combinations of few WLANs. In these networks, Antennas acts as the access point for all WLANs. There are connections between Antennas to Antennas, to expand the Service of the network. Mobile Phone Networks also a good example for WWAN Networks. 2.1.3 Wireless Personnel Area Networks These Networks are so smaller when comparing to the other networks. It does not give much coverage as other 2 network type we discuss earlier. And this network does not require Main Access Point to make the connection with other WPAN Devices. Source WPAN device directly connect to the other WPAN device when its needs to transfer data. 2.2 Wireless Local Area Networks This is the most important topic of my thesis. We are going to discuss about this topic all over the project. As I mentioned in my objectives I am going to analyse the security of WLAN and Break few of WLAN Protocols. Before that we need to get a clear Idea about â€Å"What is WLAN?† and â€Å"How it operates?† WLAN is same as the wired Local Area Network. But the only difference is, its using wireless method to connect all devices. WLAN combined with the Client Station and the Wireless Access point. The Client Station connects to the AP (Access point) using the wireless Network Adaptor. We can connect the wireless adaptor to the computer using Personal Computer Memory Card International (PCMCIA) slot or using the USB Port. IEEE 802.11 is the Standard of WLAN technology. The coverage of the Wireless network totally relay on the Strength of the Wireless Access Point. Normally its can covers up to 75-100 meters circular area. 2.2.1 Architecture of 802.11 Standards This architecture allows initiating a peer to peer connection between Client Station and the wireless Network based on access point in an infrastructure network (WLAN). The coverage area of an access point called as a â€Å"Cell†. A Cell also called as â€Å"Basic Service Set† (BSS). The collection other cells of the infrastructure network called as Extended Service Set (ESS).Any access point that work with 802.11 standards has this 2 data sets for their functionality. BSS is the most important data set in the Access point. BSS contain all the information about wireless Network. This is the security key negotiation protocol of the Access point. BSS consist of APs Hardware name, Communication protocol informations, Signal strength etc. The Access Point identify in the WLAN using a specific identifier. This is called as â€Å"Basic Service Set Identifier† (BSSID). When Laptop or any other wireless device needs to connect to wireless network via access point, the guest station (Eg: Laptop) searches for the available access points in the area by releasing discovery packets. If there any access points available, APs respond to the guest station by sending the BSSID. Normally BSSID is in a Human Readable format. BSSID also called as â€Å"AP Name or Router Name† by Technical personals. This identifier always represents a Specific Access point. Likewise each and every access point of the network has its own BSSID. NOTE: BSSID is very important to accomplish my main objective of the project. We need to retrieve the routers BSSID before we crack the routers password. We can discuss about the retrieving methods in future chapters. 2.2.2 Advantages of WLANs Following are the advantages. Increased Mobility- Users can be mobile while accessing to all the network resources. Fast Installation Installation of the network is very quick since there no adding wires like wired network. Flexibility anyone can easily install and uninstall a small wireless Network. 2.2.3 Wireless Protocols Use in Wireless Networks There are 3 main wireless protocols use by the 802.11x wireless networks. Those are, Wired Equivalent Privacy This Protocol primarily protect the WLAN uses being a victim from eavesdropping. WEP uses 64 bit RC4 key to generate encrypted data and then those encrypted data transferred over the network. Wi-Fi Protected Access This is introduced by the Wi-Fi Alliance to overcome certain restrictions in WEP. This uses Temporal Key Integrity Protocol (TKIP) to encrypt the wireless data packets. Wi-Fi Protected Access Version 2 This is the latest movement in wireless LAN Protocols. Only the Difference is WPA 2 introduces new AES algorithm to be much more secure than the WPA. These 3 protocols widely using in wireless Networks. Every protocol has significant advantages and disadvantages. In the next chapter I am going to illustrate features, advantages and disadvantages of each and every protocol. 2.2.4 Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP) WEP is an authentication protocol that use in 802.11 wireless networks to secure all the transmitting data. This protocol introduced in 1997 and main intention was increasing the confidentiality of the data than wired network. Any wireless network that uses WEP encrypt the data packets using RC4 cipher stream generated by a 64 bit RC4 key. IEEE 802.11 has few basic features when it comes to Security. These concerns provide a better security for the wireless environment. This all security elements embedded in to the wireless network protocols. Following are the basic security concerns in a wireless Network. Authentication This is the main goal of the wireless protocols. This means identifying the Client Station by using a password. If any client station failed to comply with this requirement the AP will deny giving the access to the Client Station. Integrity In here, the data should not be changed while it transmitting from the AP and/or to the AP. That mean those data should not be a victim of active attack. Confidentiality in this goal, the Protocol should protect the security of all data elements that transmit. In other word, the data should not be a victim of passive attacks. 2.2.4.1 Authentication 802.11 Networks have 2 kinds of authentication methods. â€Å"Open System Authentication† and â€Å"Shared Key Authentication†. 802.11 Authentication Open System Authentication Shared Key Authentication Any Client Station can join The Station should Provide the To the network without authentication Network password in order to join Network In Open system authentication does not use any cryptographic password to gain access to the network. Any client station can connect to the network and use the network resources. As an example, Internet facilitys in a public locations like Air Port or a Bus Station. In these places anyone can connect their Laptop or PDAs to the Wireless Access Point and start browse the internet. No Password required at all to login to the network. In open system method, the client station sends its MAC address just as a reference to the Access point. Then the AP makes that client as a member of that APs network. The major problem with this authentication mode is its vulnerable to attack. Shared key authentication is password based authentication model. The client must have the password to make the connection with AP. when client made a request to the AP that asking the connection, the AP generate a challenge and send it to the client station. If the client station responds to that challenge correctly AP gives the permission to be a member of wireless network. Figure 2.7 give the clear idea about the Shared Key authentication. Authentication Request Challenge Response Confirm the Result 2.2.4.2 Integrity 802.11 Standards also concerns about the integrity of the data transmitted. This always checks the data content whether it got changed while happening the transmitting process. It uses Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) approach to check the content of data. Once the CRC completed those data encrypted by using the RC4 key Stream. On the receiving end, data will be decrypted and again check for CRC to check the integrity of the data. If the receiving end CRC value does not match with the initial CRC value the data will be rejected and retransmitting will be required. WEP Uses an algorithm called Stream Cipher to encrypt all the data. It expand short version of key in to a random key stream. The sender encrypts the Plain text along with the Short key and creates the cipher text. In the receiver end has the same short key to decrypt the data. Once the data stream received by the recipient, it uses the short key to generates cipher text back to plain text. If one data bit lost on its way to the destination, the decryption process will mislead the data in to incorrect information. To prevent this problem WEP has â€Å"Cyclic Redundancy Check† to keep up the Message Integrity correctly. 2.2.4.3 Privacy 802.11 standards use cryptographic techniques to support Privacy. It uses RC4 Symmetric Keys to protect the data. Normally 802.11 standards support different cryptographic key lengths to protect the data from a attack. Generally, WEP supports 40 bit cryptographic key size for the shared key. But numerous vendors support different key sizes like 104 bits and 128 bits. Increasing the key size increases the security of the cryptographic technique. 2.2.4.4 Problems with WEP Even though WEP has so many security measurements to protect the transmitting data, it has few failures. These failures make the way, an attacker to break the security of WEP and lost the Integrity and privacy of the transmitting data using WEP. 2.2.4.4.1 Shared WEP Key WEP Uses single security key to Access the network. So this key should be distributed to all the users who access the network. So this security key might go to an attacker very easily who trying to get the access to the network. 2.2.4.4.2 WEP Key Size As I mentioned earlier, WEP uses 40 bit Cryptographic Key Size. This key can be crack very easily regardless of the time. So the encryption key is not sufficient to provide a better security for data. 2.2.5 Wi-Fi Protected Access This is a WLAN protocol created by the Wi-Fi alliance. This is created because of several weakness of the WEP Protocol. WPA has some advanced features when comparing with WEP. To get the optimum performance from the WPA, The WPA protocol implements the majority of the IEEE 802.11i standard, and was intended as an intermediate measure to take the place of WEP while 802.11i was prepared. Specifically, the Temporal Key Integrity Protocol (TKIP), was brought into WPA. TKIP could be implemented on pre-WPA wireless network interface cards that began shipping as far back as 1999 through firmware upgrades. Because the changes required fewer modifications on the client than on the wireless access point, most pre-2003 APs could not be upgraded to support WPA with TKIP. Researchers have since discovered a flaw in TKIP that relied on older weaknesses to retrieve the key stream from short packets to use for re-injection and spoofing. [wiki/WPA] 2.2.5.1 Features of WPA WPA uses Temporal Key Management (TKIP) as its Key encryption system. WPA does, Data Encryption and Discretion based on TKIP technology. It uses 128 bits for encryption using RC4 cipher. 2.2.5.2 Temporal Key Management TKIP along with the WPA has introduced three security features to overcome some security issues that come with WEP networks. TKIP mixing the security key with the initialization vector before it pass it to the cipher routine. In our case TKIP uses RC4 as the cipher. This method avoids certain kind of key attacks that came along with WEP. And then, WPA protects the data packets against reply attacks by implementing a sequence counter to the data stream. Finally its implements a message integrity check called â€Å"MIC† to check the consistency of the data stream. As i mentioned earlier, TKIP uses Rivest Cipher 4 (RC 4) as its cipher. Rekeying, also an important feature of TKIP. And the most important feature is TKIP always ensure to send data with a Unique Encryption key. But in certain situations it uses same mechanism like WEP. So TKIP also vulnerable to some kind of attacks which WEP faces. Any how the advance development of Message Integrity Check, Isolated Key Hashing on every packet, Sequence Counter prevents those attacks successfully. The Best thing is TKIP resolving most of the problems came along with the WEP. The next section discuss about that. 2.2.5.3 Michael Message Integrity Code Unlike WEP, WPA uses special feature to check the integrity of the transmitted message. This is called as Message Integrity Code (MIC). This is also called as Michel. This is a short cryptographic checksum that use to authenticate a message. This is also known as Message Authentication Code (MAC). This is a 64 bit algorithm that controls several types of attacks like, Splicing Attacks, Payload Truncation, and Fragmentation Attacks. 2.2.5.3 Extensible Authentication Protocol (EAP) EAP is an Authentication Method that widely use in wireless networks. This is not specifically designed for wireless networks. This can be use to authentication in wired network as well. EAP use to transmit the packets containing Authentication informations. WPA and WPA2 Networks supports 5 EAP Authentication Mechanisms as it Authentication Standards. Those are, EAP-TLS, EAP-SIM, EAP-AKA, PEAP, LEAP. 2.2.5.3.1 EAP-TLS EAP-Transport Layer Security is well known among Protocol for wireless communication. TLS provide very strong confidentiality for the User Credentials. This uses PKI to secure the communication between the AP and the RADIUS Server. EAP-TLS is the original, standard wireless LAN EAP authentication protocol. Although it is rarely deployed, it is still considered one of the most secure EAP standards available and is universally supported by all manufacturers of wireless LAN hardware and software. [Wiki/EAP] A compromised password is not enough to break into EAP-TLS enabled systems because the hacker still needs to have the client-side private key. The highest security available is when client-side keys are housed in smart cards. This is because there is no way to steal a certificates corresponding private key from a smart card without stealing the card itself. [Wiki/EAP] 2.2.5.3.2 EAP-SIM EAP for Subscriber Identity Module used for authentication and Session key distribution using the Global System for Mobile Communication (GSM) SIM. [Wiki/EAP] 2.2.5.3.3 EAP-AKA EAP for Authentication and Key Management Agreement is used for Authentication and session key distributing using the Universal Mobile Telecommunication System (UMTS). [wiki / EAP] 2.2.5.3.4 PEAP PEAP is a joint proposal by Cisco Systems, Microsoft and RSA Security as an open standard. It is already widely available in products, and provides very good security. It is similar in design to EAP-TTLS, requiring only a server-side PKI certificate to create a secure TLS tunnel to protect user authentication. [Wiki/EAP] There were two PEAP sub-types certified for the updated WPA and WPA2 standard. They are: PEAPv0/EAP-MSCHAPv2 PEAPv1/EAP-GTC The terms PEAPv0 and PEAPv1 refer to the outer authentication method, the mechanism that creates the secure TLS tunnel to protect subsequent authentication transactions. EAP-MSCHAPv2, EAP-GTC, and EAP-SIM refer to the inner authentication method which facilitates user or device authentication. [Wiki/EAP] 2.2.5.3.5 LEAP The Lightweight Extensible Authentication Protocol (LEAP) A proprietary EAP method developed by Cisco Systems prior to the IEEE ratification of the 802.11i security standard. [Wiki/EAP] LEAP uses a modified version of MS-CHAP, an authentication protocol in which user credentials are not strongly protected and are thus easily compromised. Along these lines, an exploit tool called ASLEAP. [wiki/EAP] 2.2.6 Wi-Fi Protected Access 2 WPA 2 implements IEEE 802.11i standards same as the WPA. WPA 2 supports Advanced Encryption Standards as the encryption cipher. This is an encryption standard that implement by US Government. 3 block of ciphers available in the AES. Those are AES 128, AES 192, and AES 256. In WPA2, Advanced Encryption Standards using counter Mode-Cipher Block Channing to provide the high confidentiality to the data. [Microsoft] WPA2 architecture must contain following network components to provide better security to the network. An Authentication Server to authenticate the users, Robust Security Network to maintain the pathways of associations, and AES based methodology to provide the privacy, integrity and authentication. The authentication server holds all the user name and passwords of the users of wireless network. When a user wants to connect to a network that uses WPA, The User must provide His / her identical user name and password when the network asks for it. Then the AP sends that informations to the Authentication server to verify the validity of the user to access network resources. Once the authentication server gave a positive feedback, the user allows connecting to the network otherwise the request will be discarded. 2.2.6.1 The Four way Hand Shake The Authentication Process has 2 Parts, the access point (AP) still needs to authenticate itself to the client station (STA), and keys to encrypt the traffic need to be derived. The earlier EAP exchange has provided the shared secret key PMK (Pair wise Master Key). This key is, however, designed to last the entire session and should be exposed as little as possible. [1] Therefore the four-way handshake is used to establish another key called the PTK (Pairwise Transient Key). The PTK is generated by concatenating the following attributes: PMK, AP nonce (ANonce), STA nonce (SNonce), AP MAC address, and STA MAC address. The product is then put through a cryptographic hash function. [1] The handshake also yields the GTK (Group Temporal Key), used to decrypt multicast and broadcast traffic. The actual messages exchanged during the handshake are depicted in the figure and explained below: [1] 2.2.6.2 Group Key Hand Shake The GTK used in the network may need to be updated due to the expiry of a preset timer. When a device leaves the network, the GTK also needs to be updated. This is to prevent the device from receiving any more multicast or broadcast messages from the AP. [2] To handle the updating, 802.11i defines a Group Key Handshake that consists of a two-way handshake: [2] The AP sends the new GTK to each STA in the network. The GTK is encrypted using the KEK assigned to that STA and protects the data from being tampered using a MIC. The STA acknowledges the new GTK and replies to the AP. [2] 2.3 Differences between WEP, WPA and WPA2 2.3.1 Encryption Methods WEP uses only one encryption method for the whole network, but in WPA, encryptions are dedicated for every user. One user has its own encryption method. 2.3.2 Authentication In WEP Authentication, it uses Open or Shared key authentication method. In WPA operates on Pre-Shared Key Method. As well as WPA uses an authentication server to validate the user and it using EAP to send all the informations to the Server. But WEP does not use any authentication server. 2.3.3 Security Protocols and Key Streams WEP uses WEP as their Security protocol. This is a primary wireless protocol that has few loop hols for attackers, in WPA use Temporal Key Integrity Management as the security protocol. WPA 2 uses bit advanced security protocol than both of the WEP and WPA. It uses Counter Mode with Cipher Block Chaining Message Authentication Code Protocol (CCMP). WPA and WEP both use Rivest Cipher 4 as their cipher, but WPA 2 uses Advanced Encryption Standards. WEP uses 40 and 104 bits key length for the encryption key. WPA use 128 bit for the encryption and 64 bit for the Authentication. WPA2 uses 128 bit key streams for the both Encryption and the authentication. 2.3.4 Data Integrity and Key Generation WEP use Cyclic Redundancy Check 32 bit Method to check the Integrity of the data. WPA use Michael Message Integrity Code to check the integrity of data. WPA2 has CBC-MAC for that operation. WEP does the key generation by using Concatenation. In WPA used â€Å"Two phase mixing function (both TKIP and RC4)†. WPA2 doesnt require any key generation. 2.4 Security Threats Associated with Wireless Networks As Discussed above, nowadays wireless networks become more popular than the wired networks. Many organisations including Commercial Companies, Hospitals, government offices and most of the houses use wireless networks to facilitate different services. But the problem is WLAN are not 100 percent protective from attacks. 802.11x networks are vulnerable to certain attacks. There are thousands of papers and reports available in the internet that describes those kinds of attacks and security threats to WLANs. These security threats mainly target on Confidentiality, Integrity and Network availability. WLAN attacks normally divide in to 2 types. Those are â€Å"Active Attacks† andâ€Å"Passive Attacks†. Then those 2 main classes sub divided into types of attacks. 2.4.1 Active Attacks Active attacks are the most dangerous attack type. In here, hacker or the unauthorised party gain access to the system and do the modifications to the system or the message transmitting. This outcome a receiving an incorrect message stream or a file to the recipient. Active attacks result a loss of integrity of the network. Active attacks are possible to detect by using special software like packet monitors. But the problem associated with this kind of attacks are, its difficult to prevent these kinds of attacks. Active attacks can be sub categorised in to 4 Methods of attacking. Following explain those, 2.4.1.1 Masquerade In here, Attacker imitates as an authorised user in the network and gains the access to the network. This kind of attacks can be happened in few ways. The first consideration is authorised user give away the password to an unknown person or a group of people. So automatically they are possible to get access to the system. The other consideration is hacker can use some software pieces to collect the passwords or access keys of authorised users. There are many methods to perform this kind of attack. Installing Key Board Activities Recording software is a very successful method to collect these kinds of informations. 2.4.1.2 Reply The Attacker can monitor the transmissions of the source and destination machines and re transmit the informations as a legitimate user. So the attackers computer acts as the Source and destination accordingly, to get the actual source and Destinations informations. Reply attacks are offline attacks. The attacker first gathers all the data and then later decrypts that information. This informations could be users authentication session informations that carries WLAN password. 2.4.1.3 Message Modification In here, attacker tries to modify a particular message or informations. This could results a transmitting wrong informations to the legitimate user. 2.4.1.3 Denial of Service This is a very popular attack type and very easily does in a WLAN environment. The main goal of this attack is make the network unavailable to the users. it generally consists of the concerted efforts of a person or people to prevent an Internet site or service from functioning efficiently or at all, temporarily or indefinitely [wiki]. This attacks cause Loss of Network a

The Purpose Of Education :: Economics

The Purpose Of Education Education is an important part in every child's life, and here in Singapore, every child has to receive compulsory education. I believe that education is an important part in helping a child grow up, to make sure that a child grows up into a sensible and responsible adult. It is also important to make sure the child grows up into an independent person with the skills necessary to be in the workforce of a country. In order to achieve that, I feel that education has to be introduced at a young age. That way, children would be used to the environment, and be able to study more effectively when the child gets older, and more subjects are introduced. However, education cannot be too geared towards an academic approach. For example, I feel that the education system in Singapore is too exam-oriented. Though in Raffles Institution, there is no more focus on examinations, there still common tests and quizzes. Furthermore, other schools, specifically neighbourhood schools, still focus on examinations, which I think is a dangerous pitfall, since schools should not exist solely to make another person more knowledgeable. It should instead be used to help make the children's minds more creative, and not so rigid, in the sense that they would be able to look at things at different perspectives. This is clearly represented in "Gryphon". Mr. Hibler, a normal teacher in Five Oaks, follows the education system very faithfully. Paragraph 55 shows that Mr. Hibler had a lesson plan ready. Thus he was probably just going to tell the students some information about Egyptians. I feel that this kind of teaching, however, is not useful, since it just spoonfeeds the children with information. This information would be forgotten by the students very quickly after a few years. Next, we read on about how Ms. Ferenczi teaches the students. Mr. Hibler falls ill and is replaced by Miss Ferenczi. Miss Ferenczi, on the other hand, does not strictly follow Mr. Hibler's lesson plans, but instead she gives the students a lot of room for imagination. For example, in paragraph 64, Miss Ferenczi is supposed to talk about pyramids. However she asks the students to think of what was inside. Then she goes on to say that the nature of pyramids were to guide cosmic energy forces into a concentrated point. However, we know that this is not true. Thus she is apparently trying to encourage the children to imagine different things. This would be what I think the purpose of education should be. It should be to give children a chance to express their creativity, to

My Last Trip to Baguio Essay

I love travelling, especially to those beautiful spots here in the Philippines. I’ve been to Pangasinan, Quezon Province, Tarlac, Pampanga, Bataan, La Union, Baguio, and Tagaytay. One thing that I can’t forget are my trips to Baguio. I’ve been there several times with different companions. I almost memorize the different places there that the tourists visit every time they go there like Burnham park, Mines View, Wright Park, Botanical Garden, Strawberry Farm, Groto and others. One of my trips to Baguio that I still remember was when I was with my uncle and his family, together with my sister and husband. It happened last January 1, 2011. It was already four in the morning when I woke up, because we will leave at exactly 5 am. After four hours of travelling, I could feel the cold breeze of the air. At last were there! But the smell of the air, the cold that makes me chill from the first time that I’ve been there seven years ago was not that similar for me now. Then our trip to Baguio started for the whole day, we go to beautiful places there. Because it was their first time there, my husband and I served as their tour guide. We ate our breakfast at KFC in Session Road, I ordered fried chicken, rice, coffee and sundae for desert. From there we started taking up our pictures. After breakfast we went to Baguio Cathedral, and there they took a lot of pictures, because it was their first time there, they were so excited. With their different poses, anywhere even there were not so beautiful view. Even it was foggy and the views were not that clearly seen in the pictures we still continue taking up our souvenir pictures. Next place we visited after the cathedral was a garden, that was the Baguio’s Botanical Garden, for me it was more beautiful now compared before. It was more systemize and clean now. The cave that connects Botanical Garden to Mines View Park was more interesting to try now, not like before that it seems like an ordinary passage. but that cave served as a fortress of the Filipino soldiers during the war here in the Philippines. Then we went to Wright Park, we rode horses. We also go to Mines View at and bought silver jewelries, actually it was my uncle’s treat to all of us. After all the places we’ve been there, we go back to Barrio Fiesta. But it was too late for lunch and we were all hungry, we ordered lot of foods. After eating, they still want to go in other places, but the trip will took four hours again going home. So, they decided to go down. We bought strawberries, ube jam, strawberry jam and other delicacies that can be bought there. It was so tiring, but if you’ll look for the entirety of Baguio it’s just like Gapan in area.

Analysis Of One Flew Over The Cuckoo s Nest - 1750 Words

Kaitlyn Doll Mrs. J. Hudson ENG4U - 02 May 13th, 2016 Alienation in the Lives of Chief Bromden and Holden Caulfield As one is experiencing a life of alienation and loneliness, they may being to act uncontrollable while rebelling against their surroundings, one loses themselves as they feel different than everyone present. Alienation can force an individual to spiral into an abyss of nothingness, nonetheless if one allows others to reach out and inspire than it is possible to break away from the alienation and loneliness. Chief Bromden from the novel One Flew Over the Cuckoo’s Nest, written by Ken Kesey, is an Indian who was institutionalized for insanity and is considered a chronic in the ward as he is â€Å"too far gone† to be healed. Holden Caulfield from The Catcher in the Rye, written by J.D Salinger is a lying, rebellious teenager sent away by his parents to a private school as they are unable to handle Holden’s behaviour. 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